What is a water well drilling rig? Simply put, a water well drilling rig is a mechanical device that drills a water well and completes downhole pipelines, well washing, etc., including power equipment and drill bits, drill pipes, core pipes, drill stands, etc. The following is a brief introduction to the classification and working principle of water well drilling rig and the correct use of water well drilling rig.
water well drilling rig mechanism
1. Hydraulic oil pump:It is a dual-type large-capacity pump that provides power for the power head. A small displacement pump powers a quadruped cylinder, a landing mast cylinder, and an afterburner/lift cylinder.
2. Four legs: Small drilling equipment consists of a hydraulic cylinder and a fixed frame. The height of the body can be adjusted at the job site to support and stabilize the body.
3. Mast: A frame structure welded with giant steel pipes, channel steel and angle steel. The inner groove of the channel steel on both sides is used as the power head to run up and down to ensure the verticality of the hole. The undulation of the well mast is done by hydraulic cylinders.
4. Power head: The mechanism using a gear reducer has a large-diameter spindle in the middle of the low-speed shaft. The upper end of the mandrel can be connected to the hose interface of the concrete pouring equipment to inject concrete; the lower end of the mandrel is connected to the drill pipe and the drill bit through the blue plate. The high speed shaft is driven by a high torque hydraulic motor.
Some rotary drilling rigs are equipped with mud pumps and air compressors, and different washing methods can be selected according to the situation.

A hydraulic power head drill rotary drilling machine. It is driven by a hydraulic motor through a reducer, and replaces the turntable and faucet on the rotating drill bit. The power head moves up and down on the tower to drive the drill rod and drill bit to rotate the rock formation. Large diameter wells up to 1 m in diameter can be used to drill large diameter wells. It is characterized by fast drilling speed, relatively simple loading and unloading of drilling tools and downhole pipes, no lifting of drilling tools when connecting drill pipes, and simple removal of drawworks and lifting blocks. A series of parts, such as turntables, faucets and Kelly rods.
DTH vibration rotary drilling machine is a rotary drilling machine that can drill into rock formations in combination with vibration and rotary motion. The drill bit consists of a drill bit, a vibrator, a damper and a guide cylinder. The exciting force generated by the vibrator causes the entire drilling tool to perform a conical oscillating motion. The drill bit is placed on the outside of the vibrator housing by means of a friction ring. On the one hand, the vibrator vibrates horizontally with a frequency of about 1000 r/min and an amplitude of about 9mm; on the other hand, the rotation speed around the vibrator shaft is 3 to 12 r/min bm. When the drill pipe is not rotating, the low-speed rotating motion destroys the formation, and the vibration absorber is used to avoid the transmission of vibrations to the drill pipe. The well is cleaned by reverse circulation of compressed air so that the cuttings exit the well through the conduit and the lumen of the drill pipe located in the center of the shaker. The drilling machine has simple structure and high drilling efficiency. The diameter of the borehole is about 600mm, and the drilling depth can reach 150 meters.
Working principle of percussive water well drilling rig
The vertical reciprocation of the drill bit causes the drill bit to strike the bottom hole to break the rock formation. The structure is simple, but there is no circulating cleaning system, and the removal of chips and drilling machines cannot be carried out at the same time, so the work efficiency is low. The drilling depth is generally within 250 meters, and some can reach 500 to 600 meters. The main types are as follows.
A simple percussion drill that uses the weight of the drill bit itself to impact the formation. At the lower end of the drill are some collapsible pointed flaps.
The wire rope impact drill is composed of the top mast and lifting pulley, wire rope, impact mechanism, drill bit (including drill pipe and drill bit), motor, etc.
There are two types of working principles of composite water well drilling rigs: one is to add a percussion mechanism on the basis of a rotary rotary drilling machine, and rotary drilling is the main one. When encountering pebble layer, the two water well drilling platforms are impacted and have strong adaptability to each layer of rock;
Another is a combination of percussive and rotary water well drilling rigs, such as a wind-driven downhole hammer drill. The down-the-hole hammer drill used includes a cylinder liner and a piston that moves up and down in the cylinder liner.