The use of mechanical equipment or human drilling from the ground into a hole drilling work has become more and more common, so what is this drilling method, let's learn about it.
 1. drill
The drill is also called impact drill. The drill bit is sent to the bottom of the well by wire rope, and the beam mechanism is driven by power to make one end of the beam move up and down, and drive the wire rope and the bit to produce up and down impact, so as to break the rock. The drilling speed is slow and the efficiency is low, which can not adapt to the drilling requirements of the increasing well depth and complex formation, and is gradually replaced by rotary drilling. However, it has the advantages of simple equipment, low cost and no pollution to the oil layer, and can be used for some shallow low-pressure oil and gas wells, lost oil wells and so on.
 2. rotary drill
The cutting or grinding action produced by the rotation of the drill bit is used to break the rock. It is the current common drilling method. The drilling speed is faster than that of the drill, and it is easy to deal with complex situations such as well collapse and blowout. According to the power transmission mode, rotary drilling can be divided into rotary drilling and downhole power drilling: rotary drilling is equipped with rotary table at the wellhead of the drill floor. The central part of the rotary table has a square hole. The kelly at the upper end of the drill string passes through the square hole. The kelly connects the drill string and the drill bit. When the rotary table is driven by power, the drill string and the drill bit rotate together to break rocks. downhole power
Drilling is the use of downhole power drilling tools to drive the drill bit to break the rock, drilling string does not rotate, wear is small, especially suitable for directional wells. Downhole power drills include turbine drills, screw drills and electric drills. Downhole power drilling is the use of turbine drilling tools, screw drilling tools and impact rotary drilling tools driven by drilling fluid method. It is characterized by fast footage, small bit pressure and high pump pressure. Suitable for drilling directional wells or special hard bottom layer sections.

Drilling wells is an important farmland irrigation and human and livestock drinking water facilities, is an important material basis for the development of agricultural production, is the people's precious wealth. So what is the local drilling process? Let's learn about it.
1. The drilling unit shall drill holes first and take samples to draw the drilling profile structure diagram.
2. According to the column chart: geological structure, make the upper pipe and filter pipe of the well, and the drilling diameter shall not be less than 300mm.
3. After the well is drilled and lowered, the backfilling amount of filler is 1.8-2.0 cubic meters to ensure that the outside of the well pipe wall is greater than 70mm. Filter material is siliceous sand pebble, no impurities. According to the pebble particle size ingredients (20-40mm) is preferred. Fill the material layer by layer manually, mechanical backfilling of filter material is strictly prohibited, and soil is strictly prohibited from entering the well. Gravel filling method: generally use circulating water or static water to fill gravel. If it is found that the quantity and height of filter material filling are larger than those in the plan, find out the reason and properly handle it, and record the filling result.
4. After the well is completed, the well pipe shall be vertical and not inclined.
5, well pipe polyethylene plastic pipe wall thickness of 8mm, well pipe drilling filter, drilling 18-20mm, drilling rate of not less than 25%, do a good job of well pipe lap and filter screen fixed. Screw joints are used for well pipe overlapping, φ8mm holes are drilled, and φ10mm screws are installed. The mesh of the strainer is about 25 mesh, and the strainer is wrapped in 2 layers.
6. The upper part of the pebble filter material is more than 5 meters higher than the filter, and the rest except the filter part is backfilled with clay.
7. After the well is completed, the well should be washed first and then pumped. The pumping test time is 24 hours of continuous pumping. The water output and water quality meet the design requirements.
8, in the process of sinking, the construction unit to do a good job of the whole drilling process of each link description, I .e. detailed construction records, geological histogram, aquifer sand samples and filter material particle analysis results, well pipe, filter pipe layout structure, well pipe connection mode and other data (including video or photo data), do a good job of pumping test records of the results of data.